science_cases:gmap_science_cases:landforms
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This science case is focused on the detection and mapping of sinkhole-like depressions on Mars and the Moon through Deep Learning Object Detection and Instance Segmentation. | This science case is focused on the detection and mapping of sinkhole-like depressions on Mars and the Moon through Deep Learning Object Detection and Instance Segmentation. | ||
- | The term sinkhole refers to different morphologies that have a in common the processes of depleting materials of different type into an area within the morphology itself (Waltham, 2005). On Earth the formation of sinkholes is related to a cluster of processes, and could occur in various type of grounds, furthermore presence of water has a key-role. On other terrestrial planets, although the mechanisms for the origin of these landforms are similar, if not the same, with the main difference that as far as we know there is no liquid water that can be involved in the formation of these landforms, and therefore the mechanisms and processes are still debated. Several authors suggested the hypothesis of formation from lava tube collapses (Greeley, 1971; Cruikshank and , 1972; Carr et al., 1977), others imply different volcanic and tectonic processes involved (Wyrick et al., 2004). In karst environment, | + | The term sinkhole refers to different morphologies that have a in common the processes of depleting materials of different type into an area within the morphology itself (Waltham, 2005). On Earth the formation of sinkholes is related to a cluster of processes, and could occur in various type of grounds, furthermore presence of water has a key-role. On other terrestrial planets, although the mechanisms for the origin of these landforms are similar, if not the same, with the main difference that as far as we know there is no liquid water that can be involved in the formation of these landforms, and therefore the mechanisms and processes are still debated. Several authors suggested the hypothesis of formation from lava tube collapses (Greeley, 1971; Cruikshank and Wood, 1972; Carr et al., 1977), others imply different volcanic and tectonic processes involved (Wyrick et al., 2004). In karst environment, |
- | Doline, pit craters, pit chains and lava tubes are well-known morphologies on Earth (Lauterbach et al., 2019; Díaz Michelena et al., 2020), Mars (Carr, | + | Doline, pit craters, pit chains and lava tubes are well-known morphologies on Earth (Lauterbach et al., 2019; Díaz Michelena et al., 2020), Mars (Carr, |
- | In the framework of geological exploration of terrestrial planets like Earth, those landforms - being a potential direct access to subsurface - are one of the most promising environments where to focus the research of valuable data of different kind, from planet' | + | In the framework of geological exploration of terrestrial planets like Earth, those landforms - being a potential direct access to subsurface - are one of the most promising environments where to focus the research of valuable data of different kind, from planet' |
Detecting, mapping, and describing sinkhole-like landform is a challenging process since a set of tedious tasks must be conducted manually, from data collection to manual analysis, mapping using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software and extracting morphometric parameters. | Detecting, mapping, and describing sinkhole-like landform is a challenging process since a set of tedious tasks must be conducted manually, from data collection to manual analysis, mapping using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software and extracting morphometric parameters. | ||
- | For Mars, there exists a downloadable database of more than 1000 cave candidates (Cushing, | + | For Mars, there exists a downloadable database of more than 1000 cave candidates (Cushing, |
* Type-1: Skylight with possible cave entrance, flat rim, no ejecta blankets, almost perfect circular shape and no visible bottom. | * Type-1: Skylight with possible cave entrance, flat rim, no ejecta blankets, almost perfect circular shape and no visible bottom. | ||
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**References: | **References: | ||
- | * Cushing, G., et al. (2012), Candidate Cave Entrances | + | * Barlow, N. G., Ferguson, S. N., Horstman, R. M., Maine, A. (2017) ' |
- | * Cushing, G.E., et al. (2015), Atypical | + | * Baioni, D. and Tramontana, M. (2015) ‘Evaporite karst in three interior layered deposits in Iani Chaos, Mars’, Geomorphology 245, 15–22. doi: 10.1016/ |
+ | * Baioni, D. and Tramontana, M. (2016) Possible karst landforms in two unnamed craters in Tyrrhena Terra, Mars, Planetary and Space Science. doi: 10.1016/ | ||
+ | * Blamont, J. (2014) ‘A roadmap to cave dwelling on the Moon and Mars’, Advances in Space Research 54(10), 2140–2149. doi: 10.1016/ | ||
+ | * Carr, M. H. et al. (1977) ‘Some Martian volcanic features as viewed from the Viking orbiters’, Journal of Geophysical Research 82(28), 3985–4015. doi: 10.1029/ | ||
+ | * Carrer, L., Gerekos, C. and Bruzzone, L. (2018) ‘A multi-frequency radar sounder for lava tubes detection on the Moon: Design, performance assessment and simulations’, | ||
+ | * Chappaz, L. et al. (2017) ‘Evidence of large empty lava tubes on the Moon using GRAIL gravity’, Geophysical Research Letters 44(1), 105–112. doi: 10.1002/ | ||
+ | * Cruikshank, D. P. and Wodd, C. A. (1972) ‘Lunar Rilles and Hawaiian Volcanic Features: Possible Analogues’, | ||
+ | * Cushing, G. E. et al. (2007) ‘THEMIS observes possible cave skylights | ||
+ | * Cushing, G. E. (2012) ‘Candidate cave entrances on Mars’, Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, | ||
+ | * Cushing, G. E. (2017) ‘MARS GLOBAL CAVE CANDIDATE CATALOG (MGC3)’, 2017(1965), 86001. | ||
+ | * Cushing, G. E., Okubo, C. H. and Titus, T. N. (2015) | ||
+ | * Díaz Michelena, M. et al. (2020) ‘The formation of a giant collapse caprock sinkhole on the Barda Negra plateau basalts (Argentina): | ||
+ | * Sawford, W .C., Ernst, R. E., Samson, C. and Davey, S. (2015) ‘Pit Crater Chains in the Nyx Mons Region, Venus’, pp. 1283, 46th Annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. | ||
+ | * Gillis-Davis, J. J. et al. (2009) ‘Pit-floor craters on Mercury: Evidence of near-surface igneous activity’, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 285(3–4), 243–250. | ||
+ | * Greeley, R. (1971) ‘Lava tubes and channels in the lunar Marius Hills’, The Moon 3(3), 289–314. doi: 10.1007/ | ||
+ | * Hare, T. M. et al. (2018) ‘Interoperability in planetary research for geospatial data analysis’, | ||
+ | * Lauterbach, H. A. et al. (2019) ‘MOBILE MAPPING of the la CORONA LAVATUBE on LANZAROTE’, | ||
+ | * PDS Geosciences Nodes (2020) PDS Geosciences Node Orbital Data Explorer (ODE). Available at: [[https:// | ||
+ | * Sauro, F. et al. (2020a) ‘Lava tubes on Earth, Moon and Mars: A review on their size and morphology revealed by comparative planetology’, | ||
+ | * Léveillé, R. J., and S. Datta (2010) 'Lava tubes and basaltic caves as astrobiological targets on Earth and Mars: A review', | ||
+ | * Wyrick, D. et al. (2004) ‘Distribution, | ||
+ | * Waltham, T. (2005) ‘Sinkhole classification and nomenclature’, | ||
+ | * Wagner, R. V. and Robinson, M. S. (2014) ' | ||
* Nodjoumi, G., DeepLandforms-YOLOv5. Available online: [[https:// | * Nodjoumi, G., DeepLandforms-YOLOv5. Available online: [[https:// | ||
science_cases/gmap_science_cases/landforms.1646124572.txt.gz · Last modified: 2022/03/01 09:49 by admin